H6, a novel hederagenin derivative, reverses multidrug resistance in vitro and in vivo

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a serious obstacle encountered in cancer treatment, in which the overexpression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) plays an important role. Here, a novel alpha-hederagenin derivative, designated H6, was designed, synthesized and evaluated for its ability to reverse MDR. Our results showed that H6 could sensitize KBV and MCF7/T cells to paclitaxel and vincristine. Meanwhile, H6 could increase both rhodamine 123 and paclitaxel accumulation in MDR cells without affecting the expression of P-gp. Interestingly, siRNA knockdown of MDR1 further sensitized the cytotoxic activity of paclitaxel when co-administrated with H6. In addition, H6 could directly stimulate P-gp ATPase activity in vitro. Importantly, H6 enhanced the efficacy of paclitaxel against KBV cancer cell-derived xenograft tumors in nude mice. Finally, H6 showed high binding affinity with P-gp with a high docking score. Overall, we show H6 is a novel and potent MDR reversal agent, which has the potential to be administered in combination with conventional anticancer drugs.