Journal
STEM CELLS
Volume 36, Issue 7, Pages 969-976Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/stem.2815
Keywords
Neurogenesis; Dentate gyrus; Hippocampus; Memory; Sleep; Epigenomics
Categories
Funding
- MEXT World Premier International Research Center Initiative
- CREST JST
- MEXT KAKENHI [25116530, 26115502]
- JSPS KAKENHI [16K18359, 15F15408]
- Research Foundation for Opto-Science and Technology
- Shimadzu Science Foundation
- Kato Memorial Bioscience Foundation
- Japan Foundation for Applied Enzymology
- Uehara Memorial Foundation
- Ichiro Kanehara Foundation for the Promotion of Medical Sciences and Medical Care
- Kowa Life Science Foundation Research Grant
- GSK Japan Research Grant
- KANAE Foundation for the Promotion of Medical Science
- Shimadzu Foundation
- Takeda Science Foundation
- Life Science Foundation of Japan
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [15F15408, 16K18359] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Neural stem and progenitor cells continue to generate new neurons in particular regions of the brain during adulthood. One of these neurogenic regions is the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus, which plays an important role in cognition and emotion. By exploiting this innate neuronal regeneration mechanism in the DG, new technologies have the potential to promote resistance to or recovery from brain dysfunction or degeneration. However, a deeper understanding of how adult DG neurogenesis is regulated by factors such as sleep and epigenetic modifications of gene expression could lead to further breakthroughs in the clinical application of neural stem and progenitor cells. In this review, we discuss the functions of adult-born DG neurons, describe the epigenetic regulation of adult DG neurogenesis, identify overlaps in how sleep and epigenetic modifications impact adult DG neurogenesis and memory consolidation, and suggest ways of using sleep or epigenetic interventions as therapies for neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders. By knitting together separate strands of the literature, we hope to trigger new insights into how the functions of adult-generated neurons are directed by interactions between sleep-related neural processes and epigenetic mechanisms to facilitate novel approaches to preventing and treating brain disorders such as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, and Alzheimer's disease.
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