Journal
STEM CELLS
Volume 36, Issue 6, Pages 903-914Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/stem.2795
Keywords
Human mesenchymal stem cells; Induced pluripotent stem cells; Human embryonic stem cells; c-Myc; Immunomodulation; CD4 cells; CD8 cells; Th1; Th17; Regulatory T cells; Tc1; Tc17; Perforin
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Funding
- NHRI [CS107-PP-06]
- Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (MOST) [MOST105-2628-B-400-007-MY3]
- NHRI-and-Central Government ST grant [107-1901-01-19-03, MOST 106-3114-Y-043-021]
- Taiwan Human Disease iPSC Service Consortium of the National Research Program for Biopharmaceuticals (NRPB) of MOST [MOST105-2325-B-001-009, MOST106-2319-B-001-003]
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Multilineage tissue-source mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess strong immunomodulatory properties and are excellent therapeutic agents, but require constant isolation from donors to combat replicative senescence. The differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into MSCs offers a renewable source of MSCs; however, reports on their immunomodulatory capacity have been discrepant. Using MSCs differentiated from iPSCs reprogrammed using diverse cell types and protocols, and in comparison to human embryonic stem cell (ESC)-MSCs and bone marrow (BM)-MSCs, we performed transcriptome analyses and assessed for functional immunomodulatory properties. Differentiation of MSCs from iPSCs results in decreased c-Myc expression and its downstream pathway along with a concomitant downregulation in the DNA replication pathway. All four lines of iPSC-MSCs can significantly suppress in vitro activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation to a similar degree as ESC-MSCs and BM-MSCs, and modulate CD4 T lymphocyte fate from a type 1 helper T cell (Th1) and IL-17A-expressing (Th17) cell fate to a regulatory T cell (Treg) phenotype. Moreover, iPSC-MSCs significantly suppress cytotoxic CD8 T proliferation, activation, and differentiation into type 1 cytotoxic T (Tc1) and IL-17-expressing CD8 T (Tc17) cells. Coculture of activated PBMCs with human iPSC-MSCs results in an overall shift of secreted cytokine profile from a pro-inflammatory environment to a more immunotolerant milieu. iPSC-MSC immunomodulation was also validated in vivo in a mouse model of induced inflammation. These findings support that iPSC-MSCs possess low oncogenicity and strong immunomodulatory properties regardless of cell-of-origin or reprogramming method and are good potential candidates for therapeutic use.
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