Journal
SMALL
Volume 14, Issue 21, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/smll.201704371
Keywords
cellulose; current distribution; lithium dendrites; lithium metal batteries; separators
Categories
Funding
- Swedish Energy Agency
- Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research [RMA-110012]
- StandUp for Energy and the Angstrom Advanced Battery Center
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Poor cycling stability and safety concerns regarding lithium (Li) metal anodes are two major issues preventing the commercialization of high-energy density Li metal-based batteries. Herein, a novel tri-layer separator design that significantly enhances the cycling stability and safety of Li metal-based batteries is presented. A thin, thermally stable, flexible, and hydrophilic cellulose nanofiber layer, produced using a straightforward paper-making process, is directly laminated on each side of a plasma-treated polyethylene (PE) separator. The 2.5 mu m thick, mesoporous (approximate to 20 nm average pore size) cellulose nanofiber layer stabilizes the Li metal anodes by generating a uniform Li+ flux toward the electrode through its homogenous nanochannels, leading to improved cycling stability. As the tri-layer separator maintains its dimensional stability even at 200 degrees C when the internal PE layer is melted and blocks the ion transport through the separator, the separator also provides an effective thermal shutdown function. The present nanocellulose-based tri-layer separator design thus significantly facilitates the realization of high-energy density Li metal-based batteries.
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