Journal
SEMINARS IN PEDIATRIC SURGERY
Volume 27, Issue 1, Pages 11-18Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1053/j.sempedsurg.2017.11.003
Keywords
Endotoxin; Breast milk; Toll like receptor; Necrotizing enterocolitis; Neonatal sepsis; Surgery
Categories
Funding
- NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK117186, R01 DK083752] Funding Source: Medline
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM078238] Funding Source: Medline
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Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) continues to afflict approximately 7% of preterm infants born weighing less than 1500 g, though recent investigations have provided novel insights into the pathogenesis of this complex disease. The disease has been a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal intensive care units worldwide for many years, and our current understanding reflects exceptional observations made decades ago. In this review, we will describe NEC from a historical context and summarize seminal findings that underscore the importance of enteral feeding, the gut microbiota, and intestinal inflammation in this complex pathophysiology. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier Inc.
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