Journal
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 38, Issue C, Pages 40-48Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2018.02.011
Keywords
Alarmins; DAMPs; HMGB1; TLR4; RAGE; Inflammation; Trauma; Sepsis
Categories
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Alarmins are preformed, endogenous molecules that can be promptly released to signal cell or tissue stress or damage. The ubiquitous nuclear molecule high-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1) is a prototypical alarmin activating innate immunity. HMGB1 serves a dual alarmin function. The protein can be emitted to alert adjacent cells about endangered homeostasis of the HMGB1-releasing cell. In addition to this expected path of an alarmin, extracellular HMGB1 can be internalized via RAGE-receptor mediated endocytosis to the endolysosomal compartment while attached to other extracellular proinflammatory molecules. The endocytosed HMGB1 may subsequently destabilize lysosomal membranes. The HMGB1-bound partner molecules depend on the HMGB1-mediated transport and the induced lysosomal leakage to obtain access to endosomal and cytosolic reciprocal sensors to communicate extracellular threat and to initiate the proper activation pathways.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available