Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 622, Issue -, Pages 1621-1629Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.036
Keywords
Persistent organic pollutants; Organochlorine pesticides; Stockholm Convention; Air; spatial and temporal trends
Categories
Funding
- Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research
- Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Science
- Kuwait Environmental Public Authority
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The study reports fortnightly atmospheric concentrations of organochlorine pesticides concomitantly measured at an urban, industrial and a remote location over a twelve month period in Kuwait to examine seasonal variability and urban-rural concentration gradients. The average +/- SD (and range) of the SOC concentrations measured throughout the study period in decreasing orderwere urban, 505 +/- 305 (range, 33-1352) pgm(-3), remote, 204 +/- 124 (4.5-556) pg m(-3), and industrial 155 +/- 103 (8.8-533) pg m-(3.) The concentrations of most OCs measured in this study, except for DDT and its metabolites, were higher at urban locations relative to their concentrations at remote location, in line with the literature on POPs regarding urban conurbations being sources of industrial chemicals. Themost abundant pesticidesmeasured throughout this study were dieldrin, pentachlorobenzene, hexachlorobenzene, SDDTs, SHCHs, and oxychlordane. Hexachlorobenzene concentrations were generally higher than those of pentachlorobenzene and are both strongly negatively correlated with temperature (p < 0.05) at all sampling locations. Mean summertime concentrations were higher for hexachlorocyclohexanes, chlordanes, dieldrin, and DDT isomers, except for pp-DDT. This may suggest that concentrations of these compounds may be driven by temperature. (c) 2017 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
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