Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 630, Issue -, Pages 1124-1132Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.310
Keywords
HTL wastewater; Anaerobic digestion; Inhibitors degradation; High-rate reactors; Microbial structure
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51561145013]
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFD0501402]
- Beijing Youth Top-notch Talent Support Project [2015000026833ZK10]
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One critical challenge of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is its complex aqueous product, which has a high concentration of organic pollutants (up to 100 g COD/L) and diverse fermentation inhibitors, such as furfural, phenolics and N-heterocyclic compounds. Here we report continuous anaerobic digestion of HTL waste water via an upflow anaerobic sludge bed reactor (UASB) and packed bed reactor (PBR). Specifically, we investigated the transformation of fermentation inhibitors and microbial response. GC-MS identified the complete degradation of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), and partial degradation (54.0-74.6%) of organic nitrogen and phenolic compounds, including 3-hydroxypyridine, phenol and 4-ethyl-phenol. Illumina MiSeq sequencing revealed that the bacteria families related to detoxification increased in response to the HTL aqueous phase. In addition, the increase of acetate-oxidizing bacteria in UASB and acetogens in PBR showed a strengthened acetogenesis. As for the archaeal communities, an increase in hydrogenotrophic methanogens was observed. Based on GC-MS/HPLC and microbial analysis, we speculate that dominant fermentation inhibitors were transformed into intermediates (Acetyl-CoA and acetate), further contributing to biomethane formation. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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