Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 634, Issue -, Pages 188-194Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.189
Keywords
Biochar; Lead; Adsorption; Retention; pH independent
Categories
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFC0502602]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [U1612441]
- International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Project of Guizhou Province [[2012]7050]
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry [SKLEG2018907]
- NSF-Basic Research for Enabling Agricultural Development program (BREAD) [IOS-0965336]
- Fondation des Fondateurs
- Towards Sustainability Foundation
- Reinvent the Toilet Challenge program of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- Impact through Innovation Fund of the Atkinson Center for a Sustainable Future
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The use of biochar for the removal of heavy metals from water has environmental benefits. In order to elucidate the potential application of highly functionalized biochar for the removal of Pb(II) in aqueous solution, maple wood biochar was oxidized using hydrogen peroxide. The pH values of oxidized biochar ranged from 8.1 to 3.7, with one set being adjusted to a pH of 7 as a comparison. It was found that oxidizing the biochars increased their Pb(II) adsorption capacity if the pH remained below6 (strong oxidation), but decreased their Pb(II) adsorption ability above pH 6 (weak oxidation). After adjusting the pH of oxidized biochar to pH 7, the Pb(II) adsorption capacity further increased two to sixfold for oxidized biochars originally at pH 3.7-6. The adsorption characteristics of Pb(II) were well described by the Langmuir equation. Adsorption of Pb(II) was not fully reversible in water. Less than 6% of Pb(II) desorbed in water in two consecutive steps than was previously adsorbed, for biochars with a pH below 7, irrespective of oxidation. Recovery using an extraction with 0.1 M NaNO3 increased from 0.7% to 32.7% of Pb(II) undesorbed by both preceding water extractions with increasing oxidation, for biochars with a pH below 7. Unextractable Pb(II) was lower at low oxidation but increased to 99.0% of initially adsorbed amounts at low pH, which indicated that the adsorption of Pb(II) on oxidized biochar is pH independent. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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