Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 636, Issue -, Pages 1520-1533Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.326
Keywords
Surface water storage; Rainfall; ENSO; PDO; Monsoon; EVI; Mekong Basin; Multi-satellite
Categories
Funding
- CNES, through TOSCA
- Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche
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Lakes and reservoirs have been identified as sentinels of climate change. Tonle Sap is the largest lake in both the Mekong Basin and Southeast Asia and because of the importance of its ecosystem, it is has been described as the heart of the lower Mekong. Its seasonal cycle depends on the annual flood pulse governed by the flow of the Mekong River. This study provides an impact analysis of recent climatic events from El Nino 1997/1998 to El Nino 2015/2016 on surface storage variations in the Tonle Sap watershed determined by combining remotely sensed observations, multispectral images and radar altimetry from 1993 to 2017. The Lake's surface water volume variations are highly correlated with rainy season rainfall in the whole Mekong River Basin (R = 0.84) at interannual time-scale. Extreme droughts and floods can be observed when precipitation deficit and excess is recorded in both the Tonle Sap watershed and the Mekong River Basin during moderate to very strong El Nino/La Nina events (R = -0.70) enhanced by the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (R = -0.68). Indian and Western North Pacific Monsoons were identified as having almost equal influence. Below normal vegetation activity was observed during the first semester of 2016 due to the extreme drought in 2015. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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