Journal
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
Volume 61, Issue 2, Pages 214-224Publisher
SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1007/s11427-017-9236-x
Keywords
DNA methylation; EFS; histone modifications; seed size; gene imprinting
Categories
Funding
- National Key RD Program [2016YFA0500800]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31571322]
- Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences
- 1000 Young Talent Program of China
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Post-transcriptional modifications, including histone modifications and DNA methylation, alter the chromatin landscape to regulate gene expression, thus control various cellular processes in plants. EARLY FLOWERING IN SHORT DAYS (EFS) is the major contributor for H3K36 methylation in Arabidopsis and is important for plant development. Here, we find that EFS is expressed in different stages of embryo morphogenesis, and the efs mutant produces larger embryo that results in enlarged seeds. Further analysis reveals that an imprinted gene MOP9.5 is hypomethylated at the promoter region and its expression is derepressed in efs mutant. MOP9.5 promoter is marked by various epigenetic modifications, and we find that following the increase of H3K36me3, H3K27me3 and H3K9me2 levels are reduced in efs mutant. This data indicates an antagonistic regulation between H3K36me3 and DNA methylation, and/or H3K27me3 at MOP9.5. Our results further show that both maternal and paternal EFS alleles are responsible for the seed size regulation, which unraveled a novel function of EFS in plant development.
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