Journal
REVIEWS IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
Volume 35, Issue 3, Pages 421-443Publisher
WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
DOI: 10.1515/revce-2017-0006
Keywords
biofilms; chitosan; membrane fouling; polysulfone; ultrafiltration membranes
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Funding
- University of Malaya, Malaysia [BK036-2013, RG311-14AFR]
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Bacterial adhesion to surfaces is related to several factors, such as surface charge, surface energy, and substrate characteristics (leading to the formation of bio-films). Organisms are dominant in most environmental, industrial, and medical problems and processes that are of interest to microbiologists. Biofilm cells are at least 500 times more resistant to antibacterial agents compared to planktonic cells. The usage of ultrafiltration membranes is fast becoming popular for water treatment. Membrane lifetime and permeate flux are primarily affected by the phenomena of microbial accumulation and fouling at the membrane's surface. This review intends to understand the mechanism of membrane fouling by bacterial attachment on polymeric ultrafiltration membrane modified by natural antimicrobial polymers (chitosan) combined with powder activated carbon. Also, to guide future research on membrane water treatment processes, adhesion prediction using the extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek theory is discussed.
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