Journal
PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION
Volume 21, Issue 7, Pages 1232-1242Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S1368980017003871
Keywords
Food accessibility; Total diet; Whole diet; Food restriction; Home food environment
Funding
- Academy of Finland [285439, 288038, 287195, 287288]
- Cultural Foundation/South Ostrhobothnia Regional Fund
- Folkhalsan Research Center
- Juho Vainio Foundation
- Paivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation
- Signe and Ane Gyllenberg Foundation
- Finnish Foundation for Nutrition Research
- Finnish Food Research Foundation
- University of Helsinki
- Academy of Finland (AKA) [287195, 287195] Funding Source: Academy of Finland (AKA)
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Objective: To study the associations between home food availability and dietary patterns among pre-school children. Design: Cross-sectional study in which parents of the participating children filled in an FFQ and reported how often they had certain foods in their homes. We derived dietary pattern scores using principal component analysis, and composite scores describing the availability of fruits and vegetables as well as sugar-enriched foods in the home were created for each participant. We used multilevel models to investigate the associations between availability and dietary pattern scores. Setting: The DAGIS study, Finland. Subjects: The participants were 864 Finnish 3-6-year-old children recruited from sixty-six pre-schools. The analyses included 711 children with sufficient data. Results: We identified three dietary patterns explaining 16.7% of the variance. The patterns were named 'sweets-and-treats' (high loadings of e.g. sweet biscuits, chocolate, ice cream), 'health-conscious' (high loadings of e.g. nuts, natural yoghurt, berries) and 'vegetables-and-processed meats' (high loadings of e.g. vegetables, cold cuts, fruit). In multivariate models, the availability of fruits and vegetables was inversely associated with the sweets-and-treats pattern (beta = -0.05, P < 0.01) and positively associated with the health-conscious (beta = 0.07, P < 0.01) and vegetables-and-processed meats patterns (beta = 0.06, P < 0.01). The availability of sugar-enriched foods was positively associated with the sweets-and-treats pattern (beta = 0.10, P < 0.01) and inversely associated with the health-conscious pattern (beta = -0.03, P < 0.01). Conclusions: Considering dietary patterns, the availability of sugar-enriched foods in the home seems to have a stronger role than that of fruits and vegetables. Parents should restrict the availability of unhealthy foods in the home.
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