Journal
OPTICS EXPRESS
Volume 21, Issue 3, Pages 2978-2986Publisher
OPTICAL SOC AMER
DOI: 10.1364/OE.21.002978
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- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Ultrahigh bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems [CE110001018]
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We present a novel method to fabricate low bend loss femtosecond-laser written waveguides that exploits the differential thermal stabilities of laser induced refractive index modifications. The technique consists of a two-step process; the first involves fabricating large multimode waveguides, while the second step consists of a thermal post-annealing process, which erases the outer ring of the refractive index profile, enabling single mode operation in the C-band. By using this procedure we report waveguides with sharp bends (down to 16.6 mm radius) and high (80%) normalized throughputs. This procedure was used to fabricate an efficient 3D, photonic device known as a pupil-remapper with negligible bend losses for the first time. The process will also allow for complex chips, based on 10's - 100's of waveguides to be realized in a compact foot print with short fabrication times. (C) 2013 Optical Society of America
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