Journal
SEMINARS IN CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR ANESTHESIA
Volume 17, Issue 1, Pages 28-43Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/1089253212458329
Keywords
ischemic reperfusion injury; reperfusion injury; thoracic surgery; critical care; coagulopathy; intensive care unit; ischemia; nitric oxide; no-reflow; postoperative care
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Lung ischemia reperfusion injury (LIRI) is a pathologic process occurring when oxygen supply to the lung has been compromised followed by a period of reperfusion. The disruption of oxygen supply can occur either via limited blood flow or decreased ventilation termed anoxic ischemia and ventilated ischemia, respectively. When reperfusion occurs, blood flow and oxygen are reintroduced to the ischemic lung parenchyma, facilitating a toxic environment through the creation of reactive oxygen species, activation of the immune and coagulation systems, endothelial dysfunction, and apoptotic cell death. This review will focus on the mechanisms of LIRI, the current supportive treatments used, and the many therapies currently under research for prevention and treatment of LIRI.
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