Journal
PLANT JOURNAL
Volume 96, Issue 1, Pages 103-118Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14020
Keywords
Brassica napus; gene duplication; flowering time; polyploid; regulation; time series
Categories
Funding
- John Innes Foundation
- BBSRC's Institute Strategic Programme on Growth and Development [BB/J004588/1]
- Genes in the Environment [BB/P013511/1]
- BBSRC's Institute Strategic Programme on Biotic Interactions underpinning Crop Productivity and Plant Health [BB/J004553/1, BB/P012574/1]
- BBSRC [BBS/E/J/000PR9787, BBS/E/J/000PR9788, BB/P003095/1, BBS/E/J/000C0625, BBS/E/J/000PR9773] Funding Source: UKRI
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Polyploidy is a recurrent feature of eukaryotic evolution and has been linked to increases in complexity, adaptive radiation and speciation. Within angiosperms such events have occurred repeatedly in many plant lineages. Here we investigate the retention and spatio-temporal expression dynamics of duplicated genes predicted to regulate the floral transition in Brassica napus (oilseed rape, OSR). We show that flowering time genes are preferentially retained relative to other genes in the OSR genome. Using a transcriptome time series in two tissues (leaf and shoot apex) across development we show that 67% of these retained flowering time genes are expressed. Furthermore, between 64% (leaf) and 74% (shoot apex) of the retained gene homologues show diverged expression patterns relative to each other across development, suggesting neo- or subfunctionalization. A case study of homologues of the shoot meristem identity gene TFL1 reveals differences in cis-regulatory elements that could explain this divergence. Such differences in the expression dynamics of duplicated genes highlight the challenges involved in translating gene regulatory networks from diploid model systems to more complex polyploid crop species.
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