4.7 Article

The Distribution and Detection of Grapevine red blotch virus in its Host Depend on Time of Sampling and Tissue Type

Journal

PLANT DISEASE
Volume 102, Issue 11, Pages 2187-2193

Publisher

AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1094/PDIS-03-18-0450-RE

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Funding

  1. California Grape Rootstock Research Foundation
  2. California Grape Rootstock Improvement Commission
  3. American Vineyard Foundation
  4. California Department of Food and Agriculture
  5. New York Grape and Wine Foundation
  6. United States Department of Agriculture-National Institute of Food and Agriculture (USDA-NIFA) Critical Agriculture Research and Extension award [2015-67028-23512]
  7. USDA-NIFA Hatch project [1004285]
  8. College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University

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Grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV) is the causal agent of grapevine red blotch, an emerging disease that affects cultivated grapevine such as Vitis vinifera. The ability to detect viruses in grapevine is often hindered by low virus titers compounded by a variable distribution in the plant and seasonal variations. In order to examine these two variables in relation to GRBV, we developed a quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) method that incorporates both internal and external references to enhance assay robustness. In greenhouse-grown vines infected with GRBV, qPCR identified highest virus titers in the petioles of fully expanded leaves and significantly reduced levels of virus in the shoot extremities. In vineyard-grown vines infected with GRBV, the virus titer in July and October 2016 followed a pattern similar to that found for the greenhouse-grown plants but, most strikingly, close to half (44%) of the samples analyzed in June 2015 tested negative for infection. The technique presented and results obtained highlight the variability of virus distribution in its host and provide a useful guide for selecting the best tissues for optimal GRBV diagnosis.

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