Perfect Diode in Quantum Spin Chains

We study the rectification of the spin current in XXZ chains segmented in two parts, each with a different anisotropy parameter. Using exact diagonalization and a matrix product state algorithm, we find that a large rectification (of the order of 10(4)) is attainable even using a short chain of N = 8 spins, when one-half of the chain is gapless while the other has a large enough anisotropy. We present evidence of diffusive transport when the current is driven in one direction and of a transition to an insulating behavior of the system when driven in the opposite direction, leading to a perfect diode in the thermodynamic limit. The above results are explained in terms of matching of the spectrum of rnagnon excitations between the two halves of the chain.