Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 120, Issue 23, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.233901
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Funding
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [918.10.628]
- EU FP7 People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) under REA Grant [608144]
- Czech Science Foundation [P201/12/G028]
- European Regional Development Fund [CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/15_003/0000476]
- European Research Council (ERC) [724530]
- University of Dundee
- Scottish Universities Physics Alliance (PaLS initiative)
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Light transport through a multimode optical waveguide undergoes changes when subjected to bending deformations. We show that optical waveguides with a perfectly parabolic refractive index profile are almost immune to bending, conserving the structure of propagation-invariant modes. Moreover, we show that changes to the transmission matrix of parabolic-index fibers due to bending can be expressed with only two free parameters, regardless of how complex a particular deformation is. We provide detailed analysis of experimentally measured transmission matrices of a commercially available graded-index fiber as well as a gradient-index rod lens featuring a very faithful parabolic refractive index profile. Although parabolic-index fibers with a sufficiently precise refractive index profile are not within our reach, we show that imaging performance with standard commercially available graded-index fibers is significantly less influenced by bending deformations than step-index types under the same conditions. Our work thus predicts that the availability of ultraprecise parabolic-index fibers will make endoscopic applications with flexible probes feasible and free from extremely elaborate computational challenges.
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