Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Volume 120, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.040402
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Funding
- Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) through ARO [W911NF-16-1-0576]
- NSF [PHY 1521080]
- JILA-NSF Grant [NSF-PFC-PHY-1734006]
- AFOSR-MURI
- NIST
- DFG Collaborative Research Center [SFB1225]
- Austrian Science Fund (FWF), through SFB FoQuS [F4016-N23]
- ERC Synergy Grant UQUAM
- ERC Advanced Grant EntangleGen [694561]
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Out-of-time-order correlations (OTOCs) characterize the scrambling, or delocalization, of quantum information over all the degrees of freedom of a system and thus have been proposed as a proxy for chaos in quantum systems. Recent experimental progress in measuring OTOCs calls for a more thorough understanding of how these quantities characterize complex quantum systems, most importantly in terms of the buildup of entanglement. Although a connection between OTOCs and entanglement entropy has been derived, the latter only quantifies entanglement in pure systems and is hard to access experimentally. In this work, we formally demonstrate that the multiple-quantum coherence spectra, a specific family of OTOCs well known in NMR, can be used as an entanglement witness and as a direct probe of multiparticle entanglement. Our results open a path to experimentally testing the fascinating idea that entanglement is the underlying glue that links thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, and quantum gravity.
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