Journal
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
Volume 13, Issue 6, Pages 412-424Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/nrc3521
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Funding
- Intramural Research Program of the US National Institutes of Health
- US National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT, Mexico) [U01 GM094612, R01 GM071872, U54 GM094618, 152434]
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Aberrant expression and activity of G proteins and G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are frequently associated with tumorigenesis. Deep sequencing studies show that 4.2% of tumours carry activating mutations in GNAS ( encoding G alpha(s)), and that oncogenic activating mutations in genes encoding G alpha(q) family members (GNAQ or GNA11) are present in similar to 66% and similar to 6% of melanomas arising in the eye and skin, respectively. Furthermore, nearly 20% of human tumours harbour mutations in GPCRs. Many human cancer-associated viruses also express constitutively active viral GPCRs. These studies indicate that G proteins, GPCRs and their linked signalling circuitry represent novel therapeutic targets for cancer prevention and treatment.
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