Journal
CHILD DEVELOPMENT
Volume 84, Issue 3, Pages 989-1003Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12017
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Funding
- ESRC [ES/J005215/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Economic and Social Research Council [ES/J005215/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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In this study of two hundred and thirty 8- to 13-year-olds, a new Silent Films task is introduced, designed to address the dearth of research on theory of mind in older children by providing a film-based analogue of F. G. E. Happe's (1994) Strange Stories task. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that all items from both tasks loaded onto a single theory-of-mind latent factor. With effects of verbal ability and family affluence controlled, theory-of-mind latent factor scores increased significantly with age, indicating that mentalizing skills continue to develop through middle childhood. Girls outperformed boys on the theory-of-mind latent factor, and the correlates of individual differences in theory of mind were gender specific: Low scores were related to loneliness in girls and to peer rejection in boys.
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