Journal
OPTICS EXPRESS
Volume 26, Issue 12, Pages 15101-15109Publisher
OPTICAL SOC AMER
DOI: 10.1364/OE.26.015101
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Funding
- European Research Council (ERC) [742745]
- European Research Council (ERC) [742745] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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We study analytically the polarization behaviour of directional couplers composed of birefringent waveguides, showing that they can induce polarization transformations that depend on the specific input-output path considered. On the basis of this study, we propose and demonstrate experimentally, by femtosecond laser writing, directional couplers that yield a polarization-independent power splitting and, at the same time, preserve the polarization state of the propagating light. More in detail, we devise two different approaches to realize such devices: the first one is based on local birefringence engineering by additional refractive index modification tracks, while the second one exploits ultra-low birefringence waveguides (b = 1.2 x 10(-6)), obtained by thermal annealing. (C) 2018 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement.
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