Journal
NEW ASTRONOMY REVIEWS
Volume 80, Issue -, Pages 1-28Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.newar.2018.02.001
Keywords
Radiation mechanisms; Spinning dust; Diffuse radiation; Radio continuum; Cosmic microwave background; Interstellar medium
Categories
Funding
- STFC Consolidated Grants [ST/P000649/1]
- ERC Starting (Consolidator) Grant [307209]
- NSF [AST-1408723]
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [2017R1D1A1B03035359]
- ESA Research Fellowship
- Sapienza Ateneo projects
- JSPS
- CNRS under the Japan-France Research Cooperative Program
- CONICYT [Anillo ACT-1417]
- Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) [2015/19936-1]
- Trinity College JRF
- European Commission under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions [658499-PolAME-H2020-MSCA-IF-2014]
- European Union's Horizon research and innovation programme [687312]
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) [AYA2014-60438-P]
- FONDECYT [3160750]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [16H00934] Funding Source: KAKEN
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/P000649/1, ST/F010885/1, ST/K00106X/1, ST/K002821/1, ST/N000447/1, ST/N000919/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- UK Space Agency [ST/H001212/1, ST/N001095/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- STFC [ST/K00106X/1, ST/N000447/1, ST/N000919/1, ST/F010885/1, ST/P000649/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Anomalous Microwave Emission (AME) is a component of diffuse Galactic radiation observed at frequencies in the range approximate to 10-60 GHz. AME was first detected in 1996 and recognised as an additional component of emission in 1997. Since then, AME has been observed by a range of experiments and in a variety of environments. AME is spatially correlated with far-IR thermal dust emission but cannot be explained by synchrotron or free-free emission mechanisms, and is far in excess of the emission contributed by thermal dust emission with the power-law opacity consistent with the observed emission at sub-mm wavelengths. Polarization observations have shown that AME is very weakly polarized (less than or similar to 1 %). The most natural explanation for AME is rotational emission from ultra-small dust grains (spinning dust), first postulated in 1957. Magnetic dipole radiation from thermal fluctuations in the magnetization of magnetic grain materials may also be contributing to the AME, particularly at higher frequencies (greater than or similar to 50 GHz). AME is also an important foreground for Cosmic Microwave Background analyses. This paper presents a review and the current state-of-play in AME research, which was discussed in an AME workshop held at ESTEC, The Netherlands, June 2016.
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