Journal
NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
Volume 131, Issue -, Pages 19-29Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.10.011
Keywords
Regenerative pioneering axon; Regenerative follower axon; Axon-glial complex; Debridement; Fascicle formation; Axon segments (fragments)
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Funding
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [25670644, 15K15550]
- Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [25670644, 15K15550] Funding Source: KAKEN
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In general, axonal regeneration is very limited after transection of adult rat spinal cord. We previously demonstrated that regenerative axons reached the lesion site within 6 h of sharp transection with a thin scalpel. However, they failed to grow across the lesion site, where injured axon fragments (axon-glial complex, AGC) were accumulated. Considering a possible role of these axon fragments as physicochemical barriers, we examined the effects of prompt elimination of the barriers on axonal growth beyond the lesion site. In this study, we made additional oblique section immediately after the primary transection and surgically eliminated the AGC (debridement). Under this treatment, regenerative axons successfully traversed the lesion site within 4h of surgery. To exclude axonal sparing, we further inserted a pored sheet into the debrided lesion and observed the presence of fascicles of unmyelinated axons traversing the sheet through the pores by electron microscopy, indicating bona fide regeneration. These results suggest that the sequential trial of reduction and early elimination of the physicochemical barriers is one of the effective approaches to induce spontaneous and rapid regeneration beyond the lesion site. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license.
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