Journal
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
Volume 88, Issue -, Pages 26-41Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.03.008
Keywords
Cannabis; THC; Functional magnetic resonance imaging; Meta-analysis
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Funding
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), UK [NIHR-CS-11-001]
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health at the South London
- Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London
- Guy's and St Thomas' Trustees
- South London and Maudsley Trustees
- MRC [MC_PC_14105] Funding Source: UKRI
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While numerous studies have investigated the residual effects of cannabis use on human brain function, results of these studies have been inconsistent. Using meta-analytic approaches we summarize the effects of prolonged cannabis exposure on human brain function as measured using task-based functional MRI (fMRI) across studies employing a range of cognitive activation tasks comparing regular cannabis users with non-users. Separate meta analyses were carried out for studies investigating adult and adolescent cannabis users. Systematic literature search identified 20 manuscripts (13 adult and 7 adolescent studies) meeting study inclusion criteria. Adult analyses compared 530 cannabis users to 580 healthy controls while adolescent analyses compared 219 cannabis users to 224 healthy controls. In adult cannabis users brain activation was increased in the superior and posterior transverse temporal and inferior frontal gyri and decreased in the striate area, insula and middle temporal gyrus. In adolescent cannabis users, activation was increased in the inferior parietal gyrus and putamen compared to healthy controls. Functional alteration in these areas may reflect compensatory neuroadaptive changes in cannabis users.
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