Journal
JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY
Volume 47, Issue 4, Pages 427-444Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2013.01.013
Keywords
Age differences; Behavioural Repertoire x Environmental Situations Approach; Capuchin monkeys; Cross-situational consistency; Early life experiences; Individual behaviour; Methodology; Personality differences; Sex differences; Situation behaviour-profiles
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We applied a new framework for behavioural research on personality differences in 26 adult tufted capuchin monkeys. Using the Behavioural Repertoire x Environmental Situations Approach, we generated systematically 20 non-lexical emic personality constructs that have high ecological validity for this species. For construct operationalisation, we obtained 146 contextualised behavioural measures repeatedly in 15 experimental situations and 2 group situations using computerised and video-assisted methods. A complete repetition after a 2-3-week break within a 60-day period yielded significant test-retest reliability from individual-oriented and variable-oriented viewpoints at different levels of aggregation. In accordance with well-established findings on cross-situational consistency, internal consistency was only moderate. This new and important finding highlights fundamental differences between behavioural approaches and judgment-based approaches to personality differences. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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