Journal
NATURE REVIEWS CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
Volume 15, Issue 6, Pages 382-396Publisher
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41571-018-0006-2
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Funding
- Gustave Roussy Course of Excellence in Oncology - Fondation Philanthropia
- RK Smiley Canadian Hematology Society
- Ligue contre le Cancer (equipe labellisee)
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) - Projets Blancs
- ANR under ERA-Net for Research on Rare Diseases
- Association pour la Recherche sur le Cancer (ARC)
- Canceropole Ile-de-France
- European Commission (ARTFORCE)
- Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale (FRM)
- European Research Council (ERC)
- Fondation Carrefour
- Institut National du Cancer (INCa)
- Institut Universitaire de France
- Leducq Foundation
- LabEx Immuno-Oncology
- Paris Alliance of Cancer Research Institutes (PACRI)
- RHU Torino Lumiere
- Searave Foundation
- SIRIC (Centre de recherche de l'Institut Curie) Stratified Oncology Cell DNA Repair and Tumor Immune Elimination (SOCRATE)
- SIRIC Cancer Research and Personalized Medicine (CARPEM)
- philanthropia
- Binational Science Foundation
- INSERM (HTE)
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [P30CA016672] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Discoveries made in the past 5 years indicate that the composition of the intestinal microbiota has a major influence on the effectiveness of anticancer immunosurveillance and thereby contributes to the therapeutic activity of immune-checkpoint inhibitors that target cytotoxic T lymphocyte protein 4 (CTL A-4) or the programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1)-programmed cell death 1 ligand 1(PD-L1) axis, as well as the activity of immunogenic chemotherapies. Herein, we highlight some of the bacteria, such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Bacteroides fragilis, Bifidobacterium spp. and Faecalibacterium spp., that have been associated with favourable anticancer immune responses in both preclinical tumour models and patients with cancer. Importantly, these bacteria also seem to have a positive influence on general health, thus reducing the incidence of metabolic disorders and a wide range of chronic inflammatory pathologies. We surmise that a diverse and propitious microbial ecosystem favours organismal homeostasis, particularly at the level of the cancer-immune dialogue.
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