Journal
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 21, Issue 4, Pages 607-+Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41593-018-0095-3
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Funding
- NIH [R01 HD071686]
- NSF NCS [BCS1533672]
- NSF CAREER award [IOS1553252]
- NIH CRCNS [R01 NS105318]
- Craig H. Neilsen Foundation [280028]
- Pennsylvania Department of Health Research Formula Grant under the Commonwealth Universal Research Enhancement program [SAP 4100077048]
- Simons Foundation [364994]
- EUNICE KENNEDY SHRIVER NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF CHILD HEALTH & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT [R01HD071686] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE [R01NS105318] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Behavior is driven by coordinated activity across a population of neurons. Learning requires the brain to change the neural population activity produced to achieve a given behavioral goal. How does population activity reorganize during learning? We studied intracortical population activity in the primary motor cortex of rhesus macaques during short-term learning in a brain-computer interface (BCI) task. In a BCI, the mapping between neural activity and behavior is exactly known, enabling us to rigorously define hypotheses about neural reorganization during learning. We found that changes in population activity followed a suboptimal neural strategy of reassociation: animals relied on a fixed repertoire of activity patterns and associated those patterns with different movements after learning. These results indicate that the activity patterns that a neural population can generate are even more constrained than previously thought and might explain why it is often difficult to quickly learn to a high level of proficiency.
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