Journal
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL
Volume 17, Issue 7, Pages 1277-1287Publisher
SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
DOI: 10.1007/s10995-012-1123-7
Keywords
Postpartum depression; Race; Subjective socioeconomic status; Health disparity; Objective socioeconomic status
Categories
Funding
- NICHD NIH HHS [R03 HD059584, U HD44226, U HD54019, U HD44219, U HD44226-05S1, U01 HD044219, R03 HD59584, U HD44253, U HD54791, U01 HD044245, U01 HD044207, U HD44245, U01 HD044253, U HD44245-06S1, U01 HD044226, R24 HD050924, U HD44207, U01 HD054791] Funding Source: Medline
- NINR NIH HHS [U01 NR008929, U NR008929] Funding Source: Medline
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This study examines the potential racial disparity in postpartum depression (PPD) symptoms among a cohort of non-Hispanic white and African American women after taking into consideration the influence of socioeconomic status (SES). Participants (N = 299) were recruited from maternity clinics serving rural counties, with oversampling of low SES and African Americans. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) was administered 1 and 6 months postpartum, and subjective SES scale at 6 months postpartum. Demographic information was collected during enrollment and 1 month postpartum, with updates at 6 months postpartum. Separate logistic regressions were conducted for 1 and 6 month time points for minor-major PPD (EPDS a parts per thousand yen 10) and major PPD (EPDS > 12); with marital status, poverty, education, subjective SES, and race predictors entered in block sequence. After including all other predictors, race was not a significant predictor of minor-major or major PPD at 1 or 6 months postpartum. Subjective SES was the most consistent predictor of PPD, being significantly associated with minor-major PPD and major PPD at 6 months postpartum, with higher subjective SES indicating lower odds of PPD, even after accounting for all other predictors. This study shows that significant racial disparities were not observed for minor-major or major PPD criteria at 1 or 6 months postpartum. The most consistent and significant predictor of PPD was subjective SES. Implications of these findings for future research, as well as PPD screening and intervention are discussed.
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