Journal
NATURE GENETICS
Volume 50, Issue 8, Pages 1102-+Publisher
NATURE RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0153-5
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Funding
- Australian Museum Foundation
- Bioplatforms Australia
- New South Wales Environmental Trust [2014/RD/0015]
- Australian Research Council LIEF Grant [LE160100154]
- University of Sydney HPC service
- Amazon Web Services
- Australian Research Council
- Australian Government NCRIS scheme via Bioplatforms Australia
- New South Wales State Government RAAP scheme
- University of New South Wales
- strategic BBSRC funding [BB/J004669/1]
- NBI Computing Infrastructure for Science (CiS) group
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS) [R01GM092706]
- Morris Animal Foundation grant [D14ZO-94]
- National Science Foundation [1613806]
- CSIRO National Research Collections Australia
- Kyoto University Research Administration Office (KURA)
- JSPS KAKENHI [16K18630]
- Sasakawa Scientific Research Grant from the Japan Science Society
- Australian Research Council [DP110104377]
- University of Sydney research fellowship from the estate of Mabs Melville
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM092706] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- BBSRC [BBS/E/T/000PR9819, BBS/E/T/000PR9818, BBS/E/T/000PR5885, BBS/E/T/000PR9817] Funding Source: UKRI
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The koala, the only extant species of the marsupial family Phascolarctidae, is classified as 'vulnerable' due to habitat loss and widespread disease. We sequenced the koala genome, producing a complete and contiguous marsupial reference genome, including centromeres. We reveal that the koala's ability to detoxify eucalypt foliage may be due to expansions within a cytochrome P450 gene family, and its ability to smell, taste and moderate ingestion of plant secondary metabolites may be due to expansions in the vomeronasal and taste receptors. We characterized novel lactation proteins that protect young in the pouch and annotated immune genes important for response to chlamydial disease. Historical demography showed a substantial population crash coincident with the decline of Australian megafauna, while contemporary populations had biogeographic boundaries and increased inbreeding in populations affected by historic translocations. We identified genetically diverse populations that require habitat corridors and instituting of translocation programs to aid the koala's survival in the wild.
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