Journal
NANO LETTERS
Volume 18, Issue 4, Pages 2498-2504Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00164
Keywords
Liquid metal; Ga2O3 nanofilm; wrinkling; interfacial mechanics; adhesion energy
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Funding
- Max Planck Society
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The wrinkling and interfacial adhesion mechanics of a gallium-oxide nanofilm encapsulating a liquid-gallium droplet are presented. The native oxide nanofilm provides mechanical stability by preventing the flow of the liquid metal. We show how a crumpled oxide skin a few nanometers thick behaves akin to a highly bendable elastic nanofilm under ambient conditions. Upon compression, a wrinkling instability emerges at the contact interface to relieve the applied stress. As the load is further increased, radial wrinkles evolve, and, eventually, the oxide nanofilm ruptures. The observed wrinkling closely resembles the instability experienced by nanofilms under axisymmetric loading, thus providing further insights into the behaviors of elastic nanofilms. Moreover, the mechanical attributes of the oxide skin enable high surface conformation by exhibiting liquid-like behavior. We measured an adhesion energy of 0.238 +/- 0.008 J m(-2) between a liquid-gallium droplet and smooth flat glass, which is dose to the measurements of thin-sheet nanomaterials such as graphene on silicon dioxide.
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