4.7 Article

Type IIP supernova light curves affected by the acceleration of red supergiant winds

Journal

MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
Volume 476, Issue 2, Pages 2840-2851

Publisher

OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sty475

Keywords

stars: evolution; stars: mass-loss; supernovae: general; stars: winds, outflows

Funding

  1. Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [16H07413, 17H02864]
  2. Basal Project [PFB-03]
  3. Ministry of Economy, Development, and Tourism's Millennium Science Initiative [IC120009]
  4. Conicyt through the Programme of International Cooperation [DPI20140090]
  5. Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute under the RD programme [3348-20160002]
  6. Monash Centre for Astrophysics via the distinguished visitor programme
  7. Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [GR 1717/5]
  8. Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics at Kyoto University [YITP-T-16-05]
  9. Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [17H02864, 16H07413] Funding Source: KAKEN

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We introduce the first synthetic light-curve model set of Type IIP supernovae exploded within circumstellar media in which the acceleration of the red supergiant winds is taken into account. Because wind acceleration makes the wind velocities near the progenitors low, the density of the immediate vicinity of the red supergiant supernova progenitors can be higher than that extrapolated by using a constant terminal wind velocity. Therefore, even if the mass-loss rate of the progenitor is relatively low, it can have a dense circumstellar medium at the immediate stellar vicinity and the early light curves of Type IIP supernovae are significantly affected by it. We adopt a simple beta velocity law to formulate the wind acceleration. We provide bolometric and multicolour light curves of Type IIP supernovae exploding within such accelerated winds from the combinations of three progenitors, 12-16 M-circle dot; five beta, 1-5; seven mass-loss rates, 10(-5)-10(-2)M(circle dot) yr(-1); and four explosion energies, (0.5-2) x 10(51) erg. All the light-curve models are available at https://goo.gl/o5phYb. When the circumstellar density is sufficiently high, our models do not show a classical shock breakout as a consequence of the interaction with the dense and optically thick circumstellar media. Instead, they show a delayed 'wind breakout', substantially affecting early light curves of Type IIP supernovae. We find that the mass-loss rates of the progenitors need to be 10(-3)-10(-2)M(circle dot) yr(-1) to explain typical rise times of 5-10 d in Type IIP supernovae assuming a dense circumstellar radius of 10(15) cm.

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