Journal
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
Volume 123, Issue -, Pages 137-148Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2018.02.009
Keywords
Range shift; Phylogeography; Palaeodistributional reconstruction; Spiraea L.; Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31400322, 31110103911]
- Applied Basic Research Programs of Qinghai Province [2016-ZJ-761]
- Science and Technology Basic Work, Project of the Ministry of Science and Technology, China [2013FY112100]
- Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS [2016378]
- CAS Light of West China Program
- Lancang Watershed Conservation Fund of Shanshui Conservation Center [201607006]
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A common hypothesis for the rich biodiversity found in mountains is uplift-driven diversification. Using a multilocus approach, here we assessed the influence of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) uplift and fluctuating regional climate on genetic diversity of two sister spiroides shrubs, Spiraea alpina and S. mongolica. Combined with palaeodistributional reconstruction modelling, we investigated the current and past-predicted distribution of these species under different climatic episodes. The study demonstrated that continuous pulses of retreat and expansion during last glacial-interglacial episodes, combined with the uplifting of QTP shaped the current distribution of these species. All the populations showed high level of genetic diversity based on both cpDNA and SSR markers. The average gene diversity within populations based on cpDNA markers was 0.383 +/- 0.052 for S. alpina and 0.477 +/- 0.048 for S. mongolica. The observed and expected heterozygosities based on SSR for both Spiraea alpina and S. mongolicawere H-E(0.72-0.90)/H-O(0.35-0.78) and H-E(0.77-0.92)/H-O(0.47-0.77) respectively. Palaeodistributional reconstruction indicated species' preferences at southeastern edge of the plateau during last glacial maximum, at higher altitude areas of QTP and range expansion to central plateau during the interglacial episodes. Assignment tests in STRUCTURE, discriminant analysis of principal coordinates and Immigrants analysis in GENECLASS based on nuclear SSR markers did not support the hypothesis of gene flow between both the species. However, maximum likelihood approach based on cpDNA showed sharing of haplotypes between both species.
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