Journal
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
Volume 55, Issue 8, Pages 6347-6361Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0833-7
Keywords
CB1R-5HT(2A)R heteromers; Cannabis; Cognitive; Progenitor cells; Human olfactory neuroepithelium
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Funding
- DIUE de la Generalitat de Catalunya [2014-SGR-680, 2014-SGR-1236]
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III FIS-FEDER Funds, Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO/FEDER) through the Maria de Maeztu Programme for Units of Excellence in R&D to Department of Experimental and Health Sciences [P14/00210, SAF-2014-54840-R, SAF-2015-69762-R, MDM-2014-0370]
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III: Red de Trastornos Adictivos
- CIBER de Salud Mental
- CIBER de Fisiopatologia de la Obesidad y Nutricion
- CIBER de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas
- Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness
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Cannabinoid CB1 receptors (CB1R) and serotonergic 2A receptors (5HT(2A)R) form heteromers in the brain of mice where they mediate the cognitive deficits produced by delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol. However, it is still unknown whether the expression of this heterodimer is modulated by chronic cannabis use in humans. In this study, we investigated the expression levels and functionality of CB1R-5HT(2A)R heteromers in human olfactory neuroepithelium (ON) cells of cannabis users and control subjects, and determined their molecular characteristics through adenylate cyclase and the ERK 1/2 pathway signaling studies. We also assessed whether heteromer expression levels correlated with cannabis consumption and cognitive performance in neuropsychological tests. ON cells from controls and cannabis users expressed neuronal markers such as beta III-tubulin and nestin, displayed similar expression levels of genes related to cellular self-renewal, stem cell differentiation, and generation of neural crest cells, and showed comparable Na+ currents in patch clamp recordings. Interestingly, CB1R-5HT(2A)R heteromer expression was significantly increased in cannabis users and positively correlated with the amount of cannabis consumed, and negatively with age of onset of cannabis use. In addition, a negative correlation was found between heteromer expression levels and attention and working memory performance in cannabis users and control subjects. Our findings suggest that cannabis consumption regulates the formation of CB1R-5HT(2A)R heteromers, and may have a key role in cognitive processing. These heterodimers could be potential new targets to develop treatment alternatives for cognitive impairments.
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