Journal
MINERALS ENGINEERING
Volume 125, Issue -, Pages 66-74Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.mineng.2018.05.025
Keywords
Chalcopyrite; Leaching; Copper; Ferric chloride; Methanesulfonic acid; Kinetics
Funding
- MRIWA [M488]
- BASF
- Curtin University
- CSIRO
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The suitability of methanesulfonic acid as a copper lixiviant with ferric chloride as an oxidant was studied by analysing the leaching kinetics and by characterising solid residues from leach tests on a chalcopyrite-rich ore sample. The effects of temperature, initial acidity, ferric-ion concentration and particle size were determined. The leach kinetics were dependent on the temperature and particle size, whereas the acid and ferric concentrations had a minimal impact on the leaching rate within the ranges studied. Although a sulfur layer formed on the solid residue, the reaction mechanism could be modeled with the shrinking-core model with surface chemical-reaction control, which implies that lixiviant flow through the sulfur layer did not control the reaction rate. The apparent activation energy was 101 kJ mol(-1) as calculated by the Arrhenius and 'time-to-a-given-fraction' methods. The activation parameters of the reaction were an enthalpy (Delta H++) of 99.4 kJ mol(-1) , and an entropy (Delta S++) of -197 J mol(-1) K-1 as calculated by using transition state theory and the Eyring equation.
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