Drug loaded biodegradable polymer microneedles fabricated by hot embossing

This study demonstrates a fast low temperature method for fabrication of drug loaded polymer microneedles (MNs). First, arrays of tapered pillar MNs with a length of 275 +/- 3 mu m (mean +/- SD) and a diameter of 84 +/- 1 mu m were fabricated in Si with a three-step deep reactive ion etching (DRIE) process. The Si MNs were used as a template for fabrication of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamps. The stamps were applied for replication of the MNs in spin coated poly-e-caprolactone (PCL) films by hot embossing at 60 degrees C and a pressure of 1.4 MPa for 3 min. The resulting PCL MNs perfectly resembled the Si MNs and had a length of 270 +/- 5 mu m and a diameter of 84 +/- 3 mu m. The MNs had sufficient mechanical strength to penetrate the surface of a 10 w/w% gelatine gel without deformation. Finally, PCL MNs containing 20 w/w% of furosemide were fabricated and drug release by diffusion was demonstrated.