Investigation of Two- and Three-Body Wear Resistance on Flowable Bulk-Fill and Resin-Based Composites

The purpose of the present study was to investigate two and three-body wear resistance and hardness of eighth kinds of modern bulk-fill and resin-based composite materials - Grandio, Estelite Flow, Filtek bulk-fill, Charisma, Clearfil, Ultimate, Quadrant, and G-aenial. All samples were kept in distilled water for one week, and their Vickers hardness was determined before two- and three-body wear tests. The mean volume loss of all specimens after the wear tests was determined by the 3D profilometry. In addition, a random specimen was selected from each test group and scanning electron microscope images were taken for an analysis of wear tracks. The surface morphology of the Clearfil and Ultimate composite materials was damaged severely, whereas Grandio and Charisma had a very smooth surface after two-body wear tests. The lowest mean volume loss was measured in micro-fill Grandio two-body and three-body wear tests. The Filtek bulk-fill and resinbased composites showed similar two- and three-body wear behavior. For the composite materials considered, correlations between the filler volume loss, Vickers hardness, and two- and three-body wear resistances were found to be insignificant.