Molecular and tissue alterations of collagens in fibrosis

The collagen network is altered in fibrotic diseases associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) biosynthesis and remodeling. This mini -review focuses on the quantitative and qualitative modifications of collagens occurring at the molecular and tissue levels in fibrosis. They result from changes in collagen expression, biosynthesis, enzymatic cross -linking and degradation by several protease families. These molecular modifications, which are mostly regulated by TGF-beta, are associated with altered collagen organization at the tissue level, leading to a fibrotic signature that can be analyzed by Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.