Journal
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 19, Issue 12, Pages 1918-1925Publisher
CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION
DOI: 10.3201/eid1912.121527
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- South African National Institute for Communicable Diseases, a division of the National Health Laboratory Service
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Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an emerging zoonosis posing a public health threat to humans in Africa. During sporadic RVF outbreaks in 2008-2009 and widespread epidemics in 2010-2011,302 laboratory-confirmed human infections, including 25 deaths (case-fatality rate, 8%) were identified. Incidence peaked in late summer to early autumn each year, which coincided with incidence rate patterns in livestock. Most case-patients were adults (median age 43 year's), men (262; 87%), who worked in farming, animal health or meat-related industries (83%). Most case-patients reported direct contact with animal tissues, blood, or other body fluids before onset of illness (89%); mosquitoes likely played a limited role in transmissibn of disease to humans. Close. partnership with animal health and agriculture sectors allowed early recognition of human cases and appropriate preventive health messaging.
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