Journal
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 19, Issue 1, Pages 51-60Publisher
CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION
DOI: 10.3201/eid1901.120221
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- National Institutes of Health/National Science Foundation from Fogarty International Center [2R01-TW005869]
- US Agency for International Development (Emerging Pandemic Threats PREDICT)
- Veterinary Research Institute, Malaysia
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We conducted cross-sectional and longitudinal studies to determine the distribution of and risk factors for seropositivity to Nipah virus (NiV) among Pteropus vampyrus and P hypomelanus bats in Peninsular Malaysia. Neutralizing antibodies against NiV were detected at most locations surveyed. We observed a consistently higher NiV risk (odds ratio 3.9) and seroprevalence (32.8%) for vampyrus than P. hypomelanus (11.1%) bats. A 3-year longitudinal study of P. hypomelanus bats indicated nonseasonal temporal variation in seroprevalence, evidence for viral circulation within the study period, and an overall NiV seroprevalence of 9.8%. The seroprevalence fluctuated over the study duration between 1% and 20% and generally decreased during 2004-2006. Adult bats, particularly pregnant, with dependent pup and lactating bats, had a higher prevalence of NiV antibodies than juveniles. Antibodies in juveniles 6 months-2 years of age suggested viral circulation within the study period.
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