Journal
HEARING RESEARCH
Volume 327, Issue -, Pages 257-264Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2015.06.010
Keywords
Guinea pig; Cochlear implantation; Corticosteroids; Hearing preservation
Funding
- Unrestricted Departmental Research Grant, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
- Warren Jones Foundation
- Fremantle Hospital Medical Research Foundation
- University of Western Australia
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Introduction: Steroids have been shown to reduce the hearing threshold shifts associated with cochlear implantation. Previous studies have examined only the administration of steroids just prior to surgery. The aim of this study is to examine the role of extended preoperative systemic steroids in hearing preservation cochlear implantation. Methods: An animal model of cochlear implantation was used. 24 Hartley strain guinea pigs with a mean weight of 768 g and normal hearing were randomised into a control group, a second group receiving a single dose of systemic dexamethasone one day prior to surgery, and a third group receiving a daily dose of systemic dexamethasone for 5 days prior to surgery. A specially designed cochlear implant electrode by Med-EL (Innsbruck) was inserted through a dorsolateral approach to an insertion depth of 5 mm and left in-situ. Auditory brain stem responses at 8 kHz, 16 kHz and 32 kHz were measured preoperatively, and 1 week, 1 month and 2 months postoperatively. Cochlear histopathology was examined at the conclusion of the study. Results: At 1-week post operative, both groups receiving dexamethasone prior to implantation had smaller threshold shifts across all frequencies and which was significant at 32 kHz (p <0.05). There were no differences among the three groups in the area of electrode related fibrosis. Spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) density was significantly higher in the group receiving steroids for 5 days, but only in the basal cochlear turn. Discussion: This is study demonstrates the benefits of extended preoperative systemic steroids on hearing outcomes and SGN density in an animal model of cochlear implantation surgery. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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