4.6 Article

An exploratory study on the preparation and evaluation of a same-day'' adipose stem cell-based tissue-engineered vascular graft

Journal

JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY
Volume 156, Issue 5, Pages 1814-+

Publisher

MOSBY-ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.05.120

Keywords

arterial; fat; lipoaspirate; phenotype; polymer; remodeling; stromal vascular fraction; translation

Funding

  1. National Institutes of Health [T32 HL098036, R21 EB016138, R21 HL130784, R01 HL130077]
  2. RiMED Foundation [0057091]

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Objective: Tissue-engineered vascular grafts containing adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells offer an alternative to small-diameter vascular grafts currently used in cardiac and lower-extremity revascularization procedures. Adipose-derived, mesenchymal stem cell-infused, tissue-engineered vascular grafts have been shown to promote remodeling and vascular homeostasis in vivo and offer a possible treatment solution for those with cardiovascular disease. Unfortunately, the time needed to cultivate adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells remains a large hurdle for tissue-engineered vascular grafts as a treatment option. The purpose of this study was to determine if stromal vascular fraction (known to contain progenitor cells) seeded tissue-engineered vascular grafts would remain patent in vivo and remodel, allowing for a same-day'' process for tissue-engineered vascular graft fabrication and implantation. Methods: Stromal vascular fraction, obtained from adult human adipose tissue, was seeded within 4 hours after acquisition from the patient onto poly(ester urethane) urea bilayered scaffolds using a customized rotational vacuum seeding device. Constructs were then surgically implanted as abdominal aortic interposition grafts in Lewis rats. Results: Findings revealed patency in 5 of 7 implanted scaffolds at 8 weeks, along with neotissue formation and remodeling occurring in patent tissue-engineered vascular grafts. Patency was documented using angiography and gross inspection, and remodeling and vascular components were detected using immunofluorescent chemistry. Conclusions: A same-day'' cell-seeded, tissue-engineered vascular graft can remain patent after implantation in vivo, with neotissue formation and remodeling occurring by 8 weeks.

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