New carbon paste electrode modified with graphene/TiO2/V2O5 for electrochemical measurement of chlorpromazine hydrochloride

In this study, a new modified electrode was proposed to measure chlorpromazine hydrochloride (CPH). Carbon paste electrode was modified with vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles and graphene (TVGCPE). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) methods were used to analyze the prepared electrode. The catalytic property resulting from the synergistic effect of these three modifiers not only increased the oxidation current but also reduced the oxidation potential of CPH. Scan rate and pH effects on the performance of TVGCPE electrode were also investigated. The linear calibration curve of CPH was obtained within the linear range of 3.30 x 10(-8) - 8.5 x 10(-4) M, and the detection limit was calculated as 5.3 x 10(-9) M. Finally, the modified electrode was successfully used to measure CPH in some real samples such as blood serum and pharmaceutical samples. (C) 2017 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.