Journal
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
Volume 98, Issue 14, Pages 5418-5427Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9085
Keywords
rare earth element; oyster mushroom; mushroom cultivation substrate; ICP-MS; food authentication; elemental metabolomics
Funding
- European Union (European Social Fund - ESF)
- Greek national funds through the Operational Program 'Education and Lifelong Learning' of the National Strategic Reference Framework (NSRF) - Research Funding Program titled 'Metagenomics of ligninolytic microorganisms - Bioconversion of plant by-products [THALIS - UOA - MIS 377062]
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BACKGROUNDConcentrations of 16 rare earth elements (REEs) and two actinides were determined for the first time both in cultivated mushrooms and in their production substrates by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. Moreover, the effect of REEs on cultivation parameters and composition of the final product was assessed, together with their potential use for authentication purposes. RESULTSThe concentrations of REEs varied greatly among seven cultivation substrates and correlated with measurements in Cyclocybe cylindracea mushrooms; no such correlation was established in Pleurotus ostreatus. Reduction of hemicellulose, cellulose, and lignin in substrates during P. ostreatus cultivation was positively correlated with REE concentrations, which also affected the production performance depending on the species examined. In all cases, a negative correlation was established between bioconcentration factors (BCF) in mushrooms and REE content in substrates, while the effect of substrate composition on BCF values varied according to the element studied. The estimated daily intake values of REEs through mushroom consumption was at much lower levels than those reported as potentially harmful for human health. CONCLUSIONThe content of REEs in cultivation substrates and in mushrooms revealed that the bioaccumulation of elements differed in each fungus. The nature/origin of substrates seemed to affect the concentration of REEs in mushrooms to a considerable extent. (c) 2018 Society of Chemical Industry
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