Journal
GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY
Volume 136, Issue 1, Pages 99-103Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2014.11.012
Keywords
Polycystic ovary syndrome; All cancer sites; Endometrial cancer; Ovarian cancer; Breast cancer; Cohort study
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Funding
- Danish Cancer Society's Scientific Committee (KBVU) [R89-A6037-14-S7]
- The Danish Cancer Society [R89-A6037] Funding Source: researchfish
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Objective. To assess the association between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and cancer, especially of the endometrium, breast and ovary. Methods. The Danish National Patient Register was used to identify 12,070 in-and outpatients in whom PCOS was diagnosed when they were aged 9-49 years during 1977-2012. Using the Danish Cancer Registry, we followed the cohort through 2012 and compared the women's cancer incidence with that of the general Danish female population by means of standardized incidence ratios (SIRs). Results. Cancer was diagnosed in 279 women with PCOS (SIR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.06-1.34). We found an almost fourfold increased risk for endometrial cancer (numbers observed (N) = 16, SIR = 3.9; 95% Cl = 2.2-6.3), the large majority of cases being type 1 (N = 14, SIR = 4.7; 95% CI = 2.6-7.9). We found no association between PCOS and breast (N = 59, SIR = 1.1; 95% Cl = 0.8-1.4) or ovarian cancer (N = 10, SIR = 1.8; 95% CI = 0.8-3.2); however, significantly increased risks were found for kidney, colon and brain cancers. Conclusion. The results of this large cohort study support those of case-control studies showing that women with PCOS are at increased risk for endometrial cancer, whereas their risks for breast and ovarian cancer are similar to those of women in the general population. Our finding that women with PCOS also are at increased risk for cancers of the kidney, colon and brain requires further study. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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