Journal
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
Volume 17, Issue 8, Pages 2880-2891Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00354
Keywords
Fructose absorption; short-chain fatty acids; metabolic profiling; metabolomics; intestinal microbiota
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Funding
- FCT/MEC [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007679, UID/CTM/50011/2013]
- FEDER
- FCT funds
- FEDER European Regional Development Fund
- FEDER European Regional Development Fund, within the COMPETE 2020 Programme [UID/BIA/04004/2013]
- Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) Investigator initiation grant [PTDC-SAU-MET-111398-2009]
- FCT [SFRH/BD/90259/2012, SFRH/BD/119509/2016]
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Increased sugar intake is implicated in Type-2 diabetes and fatty liver disease; however, the mechanisms through which glucose and fructose promote these conditions are unclear. We hypothesize that alterations in intestinal metabolite and microbiota profiles specific to each monosaccharide are involved. Two groups of six adult C57BL/6 mice were fed for 10-weeks with diets with glucose (G) or fructose (F) as sole carbohydrates, and a third group was fed with a normal chow carbohydrate mixture (N). Fecal metabolites were profiled by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and microbial composition by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Although N, G and F mice exhibited similar weight gains (with slight slower gains for F) and glucose tolerance, multivariate analysis of NMR data indicated that F mice were separated from N and G, with decreased butyrate and glutamate and increased fructose, succinate, taurine, tyrosine, and xylose. The different sugar diets also resulted in distinct intestinal microbiota profiles. That associated with fructose seemed to hold more potential to induce host metabolic disturbances compared to glucose, mainly by promoting bile acid deconjugation and taurine release and compromising intestinal barrier integrity. This may reflect the noted nonquantitative intestinal fructose absorption hence increasing its availability for microbial metabolism, a subject for further investigation.
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