Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
Volume 392, Issue -, Pages 181-192Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.04.094
Keywords
Liquid metal battery; Numerical study; Changeable-power-heating mode; Energy efficiency; Temperature distribution
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51622703, U1766216]
- Major Project of Technological Innovation in Hubei Province [2016AAA038]
- National Thousand Talents Program of China
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Liquid metal battery (LMB), with three-liquid-layer structure and high operating temperature (300-700 degrees C), is a newly emerging technology for large scale energy storage applications. A thermal management system is critical to achieve satisfied LMB performance and extend the life of batteries. In this work, an improved coupling model composing of a 3D heat-transfer model and a 1D electrochemical model is developed for the thermal analysis of a Li parallel to Sb-Sn LMBs module (5.5 kWh). Key results including transient values, the contribution ratio of heat sources, temperature homogeneity and distribution, as well as the energy efficiency of the battery module, are presented. Based on the coupling model, the changeable-power-heating mode, sand filling material and vacuum insulation are further proposed to achieve the high energy efficiency and optimal performance of the LMBs module. Moreover, the LMBs module can achieve self-heating when operated at 0.2 C charge/discharge, under the vacuum insulation (0.01 W m(-1) K-1 thermal conductivity, 100 mm thickness), requiring no external heating to keep the batteries at operating temperature.
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