Journal
UROLOGICAL SCIENCE
Volume 25, Issue 1, Pages 1-8Publisher
WOLTERS KLUWER MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS
DOI: 10.1016/j.urols.2013.11.007
Keywords
intracellular bacterial communities; postmenopausal women; quiescent intracellular reservoir; recurrent urinary tract infections; reinfection risk factors for urinary tract infections
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Funding
- NIDDK NIH HHS [T35 DK066141] Funding Source: Medline
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Recurrent urinary tract infections (RUTI) are prevalent and pose significant clinical challenges. Although the term RUTI has long been vaguely defined, a consensus definition has emerged in recent years. The exact etiology behind RUTI remains under debate, with valid arguments for both ascending reinfections as well as persistent infection inside the bladder. These persistent infections exist in the form of quiescent intracellular reservoirs in the mouse model and may represent a novel concept to explain UTI recurrence in humans. Manageable risk factors such as behavioral patterns alongside nonmanageable risk factors including genetic susceptibility are growing fields of investigation. Acute UTI have been studied through two model bacterial strains: Escherichia coli UTI89 and CFT073. However, the clinical relevance to RUTI of these two strains has not been firmly established. Current treatment strategies for RUTI are limited and remain dominated by antibiotic usage despite variable efficacy. The majority of studies in humans have focused on younger groups of women with little information available about the postmenopausal population despite a heightened risk of RUTI in this age group. Copyright (C) 2014, Taiwan Urological Association. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. Open access under CC BY-NC-ND license.
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