Journal
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
Volume 51, Issue 24, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/aac46f
Keywords
carbon nanomaterial; nanosecond discharge; plasma in liquids; characterization of nanomaterial
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Funding
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) [BAS/1/1384-01-01]
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Plasmas in- or in-contact with liquids have been extensively investigated due to their high potential for a wide range of applications including, but not limited to, water treatment, material synthesis and functionalization, bio-medical applications, and liquid fuel reformation. Recently, we successfully developed a discharge using two immiscible liquids, having very different electrical permittivities, which could significantly intensify the electric field intensity. Here, we establish nanosecond discharges at the interface n-heptane-water (with respective relative dielectric permittivities of 2 and 80) to enable the synthesis of carbon-based nanomaterials. A characterization of the as-synthesized material and the annealed (500 degrees C) material, using various techniques (Fourier-transform, infra-red, scanning and transmission electron microscopes, etc), shows that the as-synthesized material is a mixture of two carbonbased phases: a crystalline phase (graphite like) embedded into a phase of hydrogenated amorphous carbon. The existence of two-phases may be explained by the non-homogeneity of the discharge that induces various chemical reactions in the plasma channel.
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